Final answer:
A System log routing table descriptor can directly identify a base software component, as it shows how log messages within a system are routed, which is associated with specific software functions or data.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which of the following can identify a base software component? The correct answer is C. System log routing table descriptor. A software component is a set of software code that encapsulates a set of related functions or data. All the options provided can be related to software in some way, but only the system log routing table descriptor directly identifies a base software component. This descriptor would allow an analysis tool or system administrator to identify how the log messages are routed within the system, which can also help identify which component is responsible for particular actions or events.