Final answer:
The term referencing a sense of racial superiority is not listed among the provided options. The concept is closest to ethnocentrism, which implies that one's own culture is superior to others. However, among the given choices, none correctly define a sense of racial superiority related to culture as described by Cross and colleagues.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the cultural spectrum described by Cross and colleagues, a sense of racial superiority does not refer to cultural encapsulation, cultural relativism, or cultural inversion directly as the provided options are not completely consistent with the term. Rather, these terms explore different relationships and attitudes towards one's own and other cultures. Ethnocentrism is the idea that one's own culture is inherently better than other cultures, which would include a sense of racial superiority if it pertains to cultural aspects. However, cultural encapsulation can be related as it refers to the lack of understanding, or ignorance, of another culture which can lead to perceiving one's own culture as better. Cultural relativism is the opposite concept where all cultures are seen as valuable and no one culture is superior to another. In the current context, the closest option provided by Cross and colleagues to the concept of racial superiority might be ethnic or cultural centrism, even though it is not explicitly listed among the provided options.
Cultural encapsulation refers to a lack of understanding or ignorance of another culture. Cultural relativism is understanding different cultures as having equal value, and cultural inversion refers to valuing elements within one's own culture that are considered inferior by the dominant culture. None of these terms exactly matches the concept of racial superiority, which, if it pertains to cultural aspects, is closely aligned with ethnocentrism.