Final answer:
In the phase of tolerance according to Cass's model of identity development, an individual acknowledges their sexual orientation. This awareness usually arises in early adolescence and it is a step towards further acceptance despite societal pressures.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the model of gay and lesbian identity development described by Cass, during the phase of tolerance, an individual "acknowledges" their sexual orientation. This stage is part of a larger journey where the person is becoming more aware of and receptive to their LGBTQ identity. It is a step beyond the confusion and denial that may have characterized their earlier feelings and is before greater acceptance and advocacy for LGBTQ rights that may come in later stages.
It is worth noting that research indicates individuals become aware of their sexual orientation typically in early adolescence. Such awareness does not need to involve participation in sexual activities; individuals might recognize their attractions regardless of their sexual experiences. This phase can be fraught with internal conflict due to societal pressures and the weight of historical norms, especially within societies that have predominantly heteronormative expectations.