Final answer:
The patient's baseline mental status should be determined before evaluating their altered mental status. Family, friends, and caregivers can provide valuable information about the patient's normal cognitive abilities and behaviors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d. The patient's baseline mental status.
Before evaluating a patient's altered mental status, it is important to determine their baseline mental status. This refers to the patient's normal mental functioning when they are in a stable state. By establishing the patient's baseline, healthcare professionals can better assess any changes or deficits in their mental status.
Families, friends, and caregivers can play a crucial role in providing information about the patient's baseline mental status. They can describe the patient's usual cognitive abilities, behaviors, and level of awareness before the onset of their altered mental state.