Final answer:
RNAV is a method of navigation, while RNP is a concept that defines the required navigation performance standards. RNAV is about the aircraft's capability to navigate, while RNP is about the specific level of accuracy required for navigation.
Step-by-step explanation:
RNAV stands for Area Navigation, which is a method of navigation that allows an aircraft to fly any desired path within the coverage of ground-based or space-based navigation aids. On the other hand, RNP stands for Required Navigation Performance, which is a performance-based navigation concept that ensures an aircraft's ability to maintain a specific level of navigation accuracy.
The main difference between RNAV and RNP is that RNAV is a method of navigation, while RNP is a concept that defines the required navigation performance standards. In simpler terms, RNAV is about the aircraft's capability to navigate, while RNP is about the specific level of accuracy required for navigation.
To illustrate the difference, consider a highway. RNAV would be equivalent to having a navigation system in your car that allows you to choose any road within the coverage area. RNP, on the other hand, would be like having a requirement that your car must stay within a specific lane with a certain accuracy level.