Final answer:
According to Alderfer's ERG theory, needs can be satisfied simultaneously, which contrasts with Maslow's hierarchical approach that suggests needs must be satisfied in a strict order.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main difference between Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory concerns how needs are met and satisfied. Maslow's theory suggests a strict hierarchical order, with basic needs at the bottom of the pyramid, such as food and shelter, which need to be addressed before higher-level needs, such as self-esteem and self-actualization. This pyramid structure implies that needs must be satisfied progressively from bottom to top. In contrast, Alderfer's ERG theory, which stands for Existence, Relatedness, and Growth, argues that these categories of needs can be satisfied simultaneously and their fulfillment is not necessarily in a set order.
According to ERG theory, the correct answer from the given options would be c) Needs can be satisfied simultaneously, which captures the flexibility of this theory compared to the more rigid hierarchy proposed by Maslow. Alderfer's model acknowledges that if higher-level needs are frustrated, the desire to meet lower-level needs might increase. The ERG theory also allows for the possibility of regression, meaning that individuals can move back and forth within the hierarchy, addressing different needs at different times based on circumstances or personal growth.