Question

Which theory serves as the foundation for most contemporary learning theories and holds as its central tenet that people are active, conscious participants in how they learn?

a) Behaviorism
b) Social Learning Theory
c) Cognitive Learning Theory
d) Humanistic Learning Theory

Answer 1

Cognitive Learning Theory is the foundational theory for most contemporary learning theories, emphasizing the active and conscious participation of individuals in their learning process, with a focus on human thinking as its main study within cognitive psychology.

Step-by-step explanation:

The theory that serves as the foundation for most contemporary learning theories and posits that individuals are active, conscious participants in their own learning process is c) Cognitive Learning Theory. Cognitive psychology, in particular, focuses on the study of human thinking, and this emphasis on cognition has become integrated into various learning theories. Cognitive entities such as thoughts, beliefs, and problem-solving strategies are central to understanding how people learn and adapt to new information and environments. Albert Bandura's work highlighted the importance of such cognitive processes in learning, adding a layer to the previously dominant behavioral perspectives.

Key Concepts in Learning Theories

• Cognitive psychology examines human thinking and its influence on learning.
• Bandura's Social Learning Theory acknowledged the role of cognitive processes in behavior and learning.
• Observational learning is a complex process that goes beyond mere imitation, incorporating the observation of consequences and judgments made by the learner.

Cognitive Learning Theory stands in contrast to approaches such as Skinner's behaviorism, which directed attention to external reinforcement in shaping behavior.