Final answer:
Attribution theory option (a) refers to the way we explain the causes of behaviors and achievements. It explores how people attribute events and behaviors to internal or external factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Attribution theory option (a) refers to the way we explain the causes of our own as well as other people's behaviors and achievements. It examines how people make judgements about the causes of events and behaviors. It involves determining whether an individual's behavior is attributed to internal factors (dispositional) or external factors (situational).
For example, if someone performs well on a test, attributing their success to their intelligence (internal attribution) or to the test being easy (external attribution) are two different ways of explaining the cause of their achievement.
Attribution theory helps us understand why people make certain explanations and the impact these explanations have on their attitudes and behaviors.