Final answer:
Ernie's stress about his contract renewal is an example of a temporal demand, which is associated with uncertainties related to time. Role conflict, not temporal demand, is what Mary would likely experience as she juggles multiple responsibilities. Occupation-related stressors encompass a wide range of demands including physical dangers and life-and-death decision making.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ernie, a consultant, is dealing with uncertainty about whether his contract will be renewed until right before it ends. This stressor is an example of a(n) temporal demand. Temporal demands relate to stress associated with time or the lack thereof. They can include pressures relating to deadlines, the feeling of not having enough time to complete tasks, and uncertainty about future employment.
In contrast, role conflict would occur if Ernie was experiencing incompatible demands from different roles he might have, such as being a consultant and a father. If Ernie was feeling the stress from the inability to meet the expectations of others, it could be considered a role demand. Similarly, Mary working at an office and trying to balance her existing and new responsibilities is an example of role conflict because she is dealing with competing demands from her job, her family, the church, and caring for her mother-in-law.
Stressors specific to occupation can include not just temporal and role demands, but also physical dangers, excessive paperwork, dealing with the court system, tense interactions, and life-and-death decision making. For instance, firefighters or police officers regularly face these kinds of occupation-related stressors.