Final answer:
The textile workers who attacked factories and smashed machines in the Industrial Revolution were known as Luddites.
Step-by-step explanation:
The textile workers who attacked factories and smashed machines in the Industrial Revolution were known as Luddites. These British factory workers were opposed to industrialization and the threat it posed to their status as skilled laborers. The Luddites destroyed textile machinery, engaged in rioting, and set fires in response to the industrialization of their workplaces.