Final answer:
Hydrogen peroxide is a locally-acting emetic, while syrup of ipecac functions as a central-acting emetic.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hydrogen peroxide and syrup of ipecac are both considered emetics, which are substances that induce vomiting. Hydrogen peroxide works as a locally-acting emetic, irritating the stomach lining and triggering the vomiting reflex. On the other hand, syrup of ipecac is a central-acting emetic that stimulates the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brain, causing the vomiting response. They work by irritating the gastrointestinal tract and stimulating the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain, which then induces vomiting. These substances act centrally on the vomiting center in the brain rather than directly irritating the stomach lining, which is characteristic of locally-acting emetics.