Final answer:
Fixed resistors come in three basic types based on construction: Wirewound, Film, and Carbon Composition, each with specific applications in electronic circuits to limit electric charge flow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three basic types of fixed resistors based on their construction are: a) Wirewound, Film, and Carbon Composition resistors. These devices are fundamental components in electronic circuits that limit the flow of electric charge, an effect quantified by their resistance.
Carbon Composition resistors are made by mixing carbon granules with a binder which is then formed into a rod. The carbon material acts as a resistive element. Wirewound resistors consist of a metal wire, typically nichrome, wound around an insulating ceramic core. Lastly, Metal Film resistors have a thin metal film that acts as the resistive element and is also placed on a ceramic core. Each of these resistor types has a specific set of characteristics that make them suitable for different applications within electronic circuits.
Additionally, resistors come with color-coded bands that represent their resistance value, such as a resistor with a value of 20 × 105 ± 10%. The resistance of an object is influenced by its material and shape, for example, a copper wire has a resistance of around 10-5 Ω, while a ceramic insulator may have a resistance of over 1012 Ω.