Final answer:
There are six types of synovial joints, three of which are ginglymus joints (like the elbow), pivot joints (such as the atlantoaxial joint between cervical vertebrae), and ball-and-socket joints (seen in the coxal region and shoulder), each allowing a variety of movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Synovial joints are specialized structures in the body that allow for a wide range of movements between bones. Among the six types of synovial joints, three examples include:
Ginglymus joints: They allow bending and straightening motions. A classic example of a such joint is the elbow, where the humerus (upper arm bone) and the ulna (forearm bone) meet.
Pivot joints: These allow for rotational movement around a single axis. The joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae, known as the atlantoaxial joint, is an example, which enables the head to turn from side to side.
Ball-and-socket joints: These provide the greatest range of movement in all axes, including rotation. The coxal region and shoulder joints are the most familiar examples of ball-and-socket joints in the human body.