Final answer:
The brain region that acts as a relay and processing station for all sensory pathways, except olfaction, is called the thalamus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brain region that acts as a relay and processing station for all sensory pathways, except olfaction, is called the thalamus. When sensory signals enter the central nervous system, they are routed to the thalamus, which serves as a clearinghouse and relay station. From the thalamus, the signals are conducted to specific areas of the cortex dedicated to processing that particular sense.