Final answer:
The tidal volume (TV) is the volume of air inspired or expired with each normal breath and is a key component of respiratory volumes, which also include the expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), and residual volume (RV).
Step-by-step explanation:
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
The term for the volume of air inspired or expired with each normal breath is known as the tidal volume (TV). It represents the amount of air that is inspired and expired during normal breathing, which is approximately 500 milliliters. This is a crucial component of the respiratory volumes, which also include the expiratory reserve volume (ERV), the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), and the residual volume (RV). The total lung capacity (TLC) is the sum of these volumes plus any additional volumes associated with the lungs, such as the inspiratory reserve volume and the expiratory reserve volume. It is important for understanding the overall health and function of the respiratory system.