Final answer:
The movement is known as the Daycare Movement, which emerged from the settlement house movement and focused on providing physical care to support working-class families.
Step-by-step explanation:
The movement that grew out of a social welfare effort focused on supporting working parents and became associated with physical care rather than education is best described as the Daycare Movement. This movement was informed by the settlement house movement, which saw figures like Jane Addams and Lillian Wald provide social services to support working-class women and their families, including child daycare.
In the context of the Progressive Era, urban poor communities had already initiated collective efforts to start daycares and educational outreach programs, often with some financial backing from religious institutions like churches, even before middle-class reformers took greater interest. The services included more than just daycare; they also offered classes in English and job-related skills, led by volunteers or even paid staff from within the communities they served.
Ultimately, this movement was a response to the pressing needs of low-income families, where both parents were required to work, but it emphasized the physical care aspects over educational objectives. Nonetheless, this expansion of relief and care services eventually played a role in social reform, contributing to the broader Progressive goal of improving conditions for the urban poor and working for social justice.