Final answer:
A single embryonic stem cell can differentiate into liver cells, skin cells, and other cell types through a regulated process of differentiation, where specific genes are expressed in response to chemical signals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which a single embryonic stem cell gives rise to daughter cells that differentiate into various cell types, such as liver cells and skin cells, involves a highly regulated sequence of events. These stem cells are pluripotent, which means they can give rise to almost any cell type in the body. During the early stages of embryonic development, the zygote divides to form a blastula, which then undergoes gastrulation to create three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Differentiation occurs when embryonic stem cells receive specific chemical signals that regulate gene expression, causing them to become specialized cells. Skin cells arise from the ectoderm, while liver cells originate from the endoderm.