Final answer:
Conscious rap, exemplified by Public Enemy's 'Fight The Power,' is the sub-style of hip-hop that focuses on political and social issues, aiming to raise awareness and instigate change.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sub-style of hip-hop that was based on political/social issues is known as conscious rap. An example of conscious rap is Public Enemy's "Fight The Power". Artists within the conscious rap genre, like Chuck D of Public Enemy, used their platform to address and confront issues like racism and social injustice, vocalizing the struggles and resistance of marginalized communities. Conscious rap became a vehicle for sociopolitical commentary, distinguishing itself from the bravado and street tales often found in gangsta rap, which is exemplified by songs like "Straight Outta Compton" by N.W.A. Unlike gangsta rap, conscious rap's goal was not to depict the tough realities of inner-city life through tales of violence and crime, but to enlighten and awaken the consciousness of its listeners to societal issues.