Final answer:
The technique described in the question is a computed tomography or CT scan, which uses X-rays and computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the brain. The correct answer to the student's question is C. CT scan.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical imaging technique that involves a series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brain's structure is known as computed tomography, or CT scan. A CT scan, which can also be referred to as a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan, utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate cross-sectional images, or 'slices,' of the body. This allows for detailed examination of the brain's structure to diagnose conditions like tumors or atrophy. The correct answer to the student's question is C. CT scan.
Other techniques mentioned, such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Emission Tomography), and EEG (Electroencephalography), serve different purposes. An MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's internal structures, PET scans use radioactive tracers to depict active processes in the body, and an EEG records electrical activity of the brain.