Final answer:
The central aim of the chapter is to explore the connection between inner emotional states and their universal outward expressions through facial expressions. It emphasizes the concept of universal emotions and the role of facial expressions in human interaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The central aim of the chapter titled "Archimedes Principle: How We Sense the Inner World of Other Hearts" most closely relates to investigating the connection between inner states and external expressions (Option D). The chapter discusses the biological underpinnings of emotions, the universality of emotions, and our ability to recognize and produce facial expressions that correspond with certain emotional states. Importantly, it considers the works of Paul Ekman and other researchers who have provided substantial evidence that certain emotions are universal and are each associated with distinct facial expressions, such as happiness, surprise, sadness, fear, disgust, contempt, and anger.
The chapter underscores the significance of universal facial expressions in emotional communication, including the research done with individuals from various cultures and even those who are congenitally blind, further reinforcing the universality of emotional expressions. This chapter contributes to our understanding of how emotions are reflected outwardly through expressions and the role they play in human interaction, emphasizing the natural and intrinsic aspects of our emotional experiences.