Final answer:
The typical education of ancient Athens most closely resembled the modern American educational system in that it focused on arts and sciences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The typical education of ancient Athens most closely resembled the modern American educational system in that it focused on arts and sciences. In ancient Athens, education included subjects such as philosophy, literature, mathematics, and science, which are also components of the modern American educational system. Athenian education prepared citizens to participate in the democratic process by promoting literacy and critical thinking, which are also foundational aspects of the modern American education system.