Final answer:
The dependent variable is the one you are measuring or observing in an experiment, and it is affected by changes in the independent variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dependent variable is something you are B) Measuring or observing. In an experimental study, the dependent variable is the one that is affected by the manipulation of the independent variable. The independent variable is deliberately changed by the researcher to test its effect on the dependent variable. Therefore, while the independent variable is the 'driver' or the cause, the dependent variable is the 'receiver' or the effect.
It is important to understand that in a controlled experiment, the researcher only manipulates the independent variable and measures the changes in the dependent variable, while control variables are kept constant to ensure a fair test. This setup allows the researcher to investigate the potential causation between the two variables.