Final answer:
Transparency and accountability are crucial ingredients to reduce corruption in bureaucracy, as they facilitate open scrutiny of actions and enforce responsibility for decisions made within bureaucratic systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses the critical aspects necessary to reduce corruption within bureaucratic systems. Two fundamental ingredients to lessen corruption in bureaucracy are transparency and accountability. The presence of transparency ensures that actions and decisions within bureaucracies are open to scrutiny by the public and other governing bodies. This can deter corrupt behavior as there is a higher chance of detection and subsequent consequences. Accountability mandates that officials in bureaucratic positions are responsible for their actions and can be held to account by external entities. This means that they must justify their decisions and accept responsibility, discouraging corrupt practices due to the potential for disciplinary action or legal repercussions. Together, these elements create an environment where corrupt behavior is riskier and less likely to go unpunished, thereby fostering integrity within the bureaucracy.