Question

How do you assess the validity of the assumptions that pertain to the data?

a. Through inferential statistics and hypothesis testing
b. By analyzing sample size and population variance
c. By checking for outliers and skewness in the data
d. Through descriptive statistics and graphical representations

Answer 1

The validity of assumptions related to data can be assessed through inferential statistics and hypothesis testing, which involve analyzing sample data and determining the likelihood that results are due to the hypothesized cause or chance.

Step-by-step explanation:

To assess the validity of the assumptions that pertain to the data, one effective method is through inferential statistics and hypothesis testing. This process includes setting up a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis, collecting sample data, determining the correct distribution for the hypothesis test, analyzing the sample data, and making a decision based on the analysis whether to reject or not reject the null hypothesis. Inferential statistics apply methods like t-tests and analysis of variance to interpret data and test hypotheses by determining the likelihood that observed results are due to chance rather than the hypothesized cause.

Using inferential statistics can help estimate the population parameter from a sample statistic and construct confidence intervals. The choice of tests and the interpretation of results require that the assumptions underpinning the statistical model used are checked and valid, such as normal distribution of data, homogeneity of variance, and independence of observations, among others.