Final answer:
Hyperchromasia is the term that describes more-than-normal color in cells, often associated with an increased concentration of pigmentation or hemoglobin. Related terms in biology include polychromasia, hypochromia, and chromatolysis; with polyploidy and cytochromes also being significant in the broader discussion of biological colors and chromosomal structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes more-than-normal color in a cell or tissue is Hyperchromatic. This term is indicative of a high concentration of color or pigmentation, which can be seen in various biological matters, including the hyperplasia (excessive multiplication of cells) leading to denser coloration, or more specifically within the field of hematology, where red blood cells exhibit an increased staining intensity due to an abnormal amount of hemoglobin.
Polychromasia refers to the presence of cells, especially red blood cells, that show more color than normal due to the presence of RNA. However, Hypochromia indicates less-than-normal color, usually seen in red blood cells with diminished hemoglobin content. Chromatolysis, on the other hand, is the dissolution or breakdown of the chromophilic (staining) substance in the cell body of neurons.
In the context of genetics and cell biology, terms like polyploidy refer to cells containing more than two paired sets of chromosomes, often leading to larger and more robust plant species. Cytochromes, important molecules in cellular respiration, also relate to color through their role in electron transport and are named based on their color absorption properties. Lastly, staining techniques in microscopy involve using dyes to achieve coloration, helping researchers identify specific features within biological samples.