Final answer:
The hemispheric functioning theory explores how hemispheric dominance might influence behaviors, potentially affecting criminal tendencies, but findings are mixed and no direct causative relationship is established.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hemispheric functioning theory posits that differences in hemispheric dominance may influence behaviors, including those related to criminal activity. Researchers have indicated that certain functions are more dominant in one hemisphere over the other; for example, the left hemisphere may be superior in cause-and-effect reasoning and memory associations, while the right may excel in arousal and perceiving negative emotions. This understanding implies that an imbalance or particular dominance in one hemisphere could theoretically relate to predispositions in behavior, potentially including criminal tendencies.
However, it is crucial to recognize that evidence is mixed and any direct causative relationship between hemispheric dominance and criminal behavior remains inconclusive. Instead of ascribing behaviors to one hemisphere, it is more accurate to consider the interaction between hemispheres. Thus, while hemispheric functioning theory provides an interesting biological basis for studying crime, it should be regarded with caution and seen as part of a broader interplay of factors, including social and environmental influences highlighted by the Social Disorganization Theory.