Final answer:
The Duchy of Warsaw was a Polish state revived by Napoleon; the Quadruple Alliance consisted of Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria aiming to maintain Europe's balance of power post-Napoleon, and Americans in the 1790s were divided over the French Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Duchy of Warsaw was a country in Central Europe officially created by Napoleon in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia. This act was part of the treaties of Tilsit and effectively resurrected Poland as a state under French influence, though not entirely autonomous, following its partitions between Prussia, Austria, and Russia. The Duchy existed until 1815 when the Congress of Vienna's decisions dissolved it and divided its territories again among neighboring countries. The correct answer to the question is d. country of Poland, resurrected by Napoleon.
The Quadruple Alliance, formed in 1815, included Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia. They united to maintain the balance of power in Europe and to suppress any revival of Napoleonic imperialism. Thus, the correct answer is a. Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria.
With respect to American foreign affairs in the 1790s, the nation was deeply divided over c. the French Revolution, as it posed ideological and political challenges that resonated with the recent independence of the United States.
Lastly, the Holy Alliance of 1815, formed by Russia, Austria, and Prussia, vowed to combat revolutionary movements and uphold the conservative social and political order. Their sense of mission was particularly strong in Russia, where Tsar Alexander saw his role as almost divinely ordained to maintain stability and thwart the spread of revolutionary ideas.