Final answer:
The Earth's climate system is made up of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, all of which interact to form and influence the climate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The climate system of Earth consists of several interacting parts, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere (land), and biosphere (areas with living organisms). These components work together to create and regulate the planet's climate. The atmosphere, the layer of gasses surrounding Earth, plays a crucial part in weather patterns and climate conditions. The hydrosphere, which includes all of Earth's water, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, and water vapor, plays a vital role by absorbing heat, distributing it around the globe, and also participating in the water cycle. The lithosphere, Earth’s crust and upper mantle, affects the climate through tectonic activities that can shape the landscape and through the impact of its composition on the heat retention of different areas. The biosphere, the realm of living organisms, influences the climate through various biological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration.
The climate system is hence made up of the atmosphere and hydrosphere, as well as the lithosphere and the biosphere. Each sphere plays a crucial role in the dynamics of climate.