Final answer:
The formula mass of a compound is calculated by multiplying the average atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms present, then summing these products. The formula mass of CHCl3 is 119.37 amu, and for NaCl, it is 58.44 amu.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question presented involves understanding how to calculate the formula mass of a compound from given atomic masses and quantities of each element present in the compound. In chemistry, the formula mass is the sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a formula unit of the compound, often measured in atomic mass units (amu).
To calculate the formula mass, you multiply the average atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms of that element in the molecule (quantity), and then add together all of the resulting values for each element. For example, the table given indicates to calculate the formula mass of CHCl3, one would perform the following calculation: (1 × 12.01) + (1 × 1.008) + (3 × 35.45), which equals 12.01 + 1.008 + 106.35, resulting in a formula mass of 119.37 amu.
Similarly, to calculate the formula mass of NaCl, the table suggests we do the following: (1 × 22.99) + (1 × 35.45), which equals 22.99 + 35.45, resulting in a formula mass of 58.44 amu. These calculations are essential in chemistry for various reasons, including stoichiometric calculations and to determine molar mass.