Final answer:
To complete the analogy volition : temerity :: invective :, the correct answer is 'D. abusive,' meaning harsh and intensely insulting, which best matches the intensity of invective.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to complete the analogy by finding a word that has a similar relationship to invective as volition has to temerity. Volition (the act of making a choice or decision) is related to temerity (excessive confidence or boldness) in that temerity may be a result of one's volition. Invective, which is vehement or violent denunciation or criticism, would similarly be related to a word describing the nature of that criticism. Thus, the correct answer is abusive, as it describes language that is harsh and insulting, which is a characteristic of invective. The other options (derogatory, insulting, and disparaging) could be considered synonyms but do not convey the strong intensity implied by invective, which abusive does.