Final answer:
The epidemiological transition is a shift from infectious to chronic diseases. It is influenced by various factors and did not occur specifically in 1954.
Step-by-step explanation:
The epidemiological transition refers to the shift from infectious diseases to chronic diseases as the leading causes of death in a population. This transition typically occurs during the demographic transition, where population dynamics change from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. The epidemiological transition is characterized by a decline in infectious diseases and an increase in chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke.
The epidemiological transition did not occur specifically in 1954, but rather it is a concept that describes a long-term shift in disease patterns. The transition is influenced by various factors, including advancements in medicine, improvements in public health infrastructure, changes in population demographics, and socioeconomic development.