Final answer:
Anaerobic training leads to several muscle chemistry adaptations, including improved creatine phosphate stores, increased lactic acid build-up, and enhanced glycolytic capacity to ensure energy is available for high-intensity efforts when oxygen is scarce. The correct answer is (c) Improved creatine phosphate stores.
Step-by-step explanation:
The muscle chemistry adaptations of anaerobic training include several changes aimed at improving the capability of muscles to generate energy in the absence of sufficient oxygen. These adaptations are quite distinct from those that would result from aerobic training. Here are the adjustments that typically take place due to anaerobic training:
- Improved creatine phosphate stores: With anaerobic training, the muscles increase their stores of creatine phosphate, which is a rapid source of energy at the onset of exercise.
- Increased lactic acid build-up: Due to an increase in anaerobic glycolysis, there is a higher rate of lactic acid production, which can contribute to muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise when oxygen delivery to the muscle is limited.
- Enhanced glycolytic capacity: To compensate for the reduced ATP production from aerobic metabolism, anaerobic training can lead to an upregulated glycolytic enzyme capacity, meaning the muscle becomes more efficient at producing ATP without oxygen.
Thus, the correct answer to the muscle chemistry adaptations is (c) Improved creatine phosphate stores, as anaerobic training enhances the muscles' ability to rapidly regenerate ATP from this molecule, particularly in the early seconds of high-intensity exercise. It's important to note, however, that increased lactic acid formation and augmented glycolytic capacity are also adaptations associated with anaerobic training, not necessarily negative impacts.