Final answer:
Anaerobic training typically leads to hypertrophy of fast-twitch muscle fibers, which increases muscle strength and size. This adaptation is due to intensified resistance exercises that enhance these fibers' ability to produce powerful contractions. The adaptations do not include increased endurance or conversion to slow-twitch fibers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adaptations of muscle fibers as a result of anaerobic training typically include hypertrophy of fast-twitch fibers. This type of training is associated with resistance exercises, which lead to an increase in muscle size due to the addition of structural proteins to the muscle fibers. Fast-twitch fibers are responsible for rapid, powerful movements and fatigue more quickly than slow-twitch fibers. Anaerobic training enhances these fibers' ability to produce high tension contractions, resulting in muscle mass and strength gains but not necessarily increased muscle endurance or a conversion to slow-twitch fibers.
The response to anaerobic exercise can vary greatly among individuals, with those having more fast-twitch fibers often experiencing more pronounced hypertrophy effects. This is due to the higher potential for increase in mass and strength that fast-twitch fibers offer compared to slow-twitch fibers.
Therefore, the correct adaptation as a result of anaerobic training is c) Hypertrophy of fast-twitch fibers, which contributes to increased muscle strength and size. Anaerobic training is not typically associated with increased endurance, conversion to slow-twitch fibers, or decreased muscle mass.