Final answer:
Molecular oxygen can generate harmful oxidants known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage proteins, cause DNA mutations, and contribute to aging. The body has mechanisms to suppress the production of ROS and destroy them if formed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Molecular oxygen (O2) can generate powerful oxidants, which can be harmful. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2¯), peroxides (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen (O2), are examples of these oxidants.
ROS can damage proteins, cause mutations by reacting with DNA, and contribute to aging.
The body has mechanisms to suppress the production of ROS and destroy them if formed, including the use of antioxidants like vitamins C and E.