Final answer:
Humanistic psychology arose in reaction to the deterministic views of psychoanalysis and behaviorism, emphasizing the inherent potential for goodness and growth in individuals, as highlighted by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shift to humanistic psychology and client-centered therapy emerged as a response to the limitations and deterministic views of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Humanistic psychology stresses the inherent potential for goodness and growth in individuals, contrasting sharply with the behaviorists' reductionist perspective and the psychoanalysts' focus on psychological disturbance. Pioneers like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers developed theories about the hierarchy of needs and person-centered therapy, recognizing the importance of self-actualization, empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness in therapeutic settings, helping individuals to reach their fullest potential.