Final answer:
Face validity, which makes a test seem credible based on appearance, is not always advantageous, as it does not guarantee actual measurement accuracy and may be susceptible to manipulation. Other forms of validity, such as construct and criterion-related validity, are necessary to properly evaluate a test's effectiveness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Having good face validity is not always an advantage for a test; the correct answer is b. False. Face validity refers to the extent to which a test appears to measure what it's supposed to measure, just based on its appearance. While face validity can make a test seem more credible to participants, it does not necessarily ensure that the test actually measures what it intends to. For example, in psychological testing, it's possible to have high face validity with low construct validity, which means the test looks like it's assessing the intended construct, but it fails to do so accurately. Moreover, a test with high face validity might be more susceptible to attempts to fake good, as with the L Scale in personality assessments like the MMPI.
Therefore, face validity should not be the sole consideration in evaluating a test's usefulness. It must be complemented by other types of validity, such as construct validity and criterion-related validity, to make a comprehensive evaluation of the test's effectiveness.