Final answer:
The statement about resistin is false. Leptin is the hormone that regulates energy balance and possibly prevents obesity when functioning effectively, though leptin resistance can lead to overeating and weight gain. The correct statement about obesity is that fat has more calories than protein or carbohydrates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement about resistin reducing food intake and protecting against insulin resistance and obesity is false. Resistin is actually associated with the opposite actions; it may rather promote insulin resistance. When examining the physiology of obesity, one key hormone named leptin, often referred to as the satiety hormone, plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance by inhibiting hunger, thereby decreasing food intake and preventing obesity when functioning properly. However, in cases of leptin resistance, commonly seen in obese individuals, this mechanism is disrupted, and as a result, people experience an inability to detech satiety despite having high fat reserves, leading to overeating and further weight gain. Obesity is a complex health issue with a variety of consequences including increased risk for various diseases and it is largely preventable through dietary and lifestyle changes.
Regarding the question on obesity, the correct answer is c. Fat has more calories than protein or carbohydrates. This higher caloric density of fat is one reason why foods high in fat can lead to increased energy intake and, subsequently, weight gain if not balanced by physical activity.