Final answer:
The zona fasciculata produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol, which is the key hormone involved in the body's response to stress, regulation of metabolism and immune suppression. Aldosterone, on the other hand, is produced by the zona glomerulosa and is not a glucocorticoid. DHEA is an androgen produced by the zona reticularis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The zona fasciculata region of the cortex produces a particular type of hormones known as glucocorticoids. Among these, the most prominent hormone is cortisol, which plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. It is released in response to stress and affects the way our body uses macronutrients such as proteins, fats, and sugars, often increasing the level of glucose and fatty acids in the blood. Cortisol is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to suppress the immune system.
In contrast, aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid, which is produced by the zona glomerulosa, the outermost region of the adrenal cortex. This hormone primarily regulates sodium and potassium levels, thus affecting fluid and electrolyte balance. Another hormone, DHEA, is an androgen produced in smaller amounts by the zona reticularis, the deepest layer of the adrenal cortex, and its role is more related to sexual development and sex drive, especially in post-menopausal people.