Final answer:
Meiosis resumes during the tertiary follicle stage of folliculogenesis, where the primary oocyte completes the first stage of meiosis and begins the second, arrested until potential fertilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Meiosis resumes at the stage of tertiary follicle development in folliculogenesis. At this point, the primary oocyte completes meiosis I and begins meiosis II, but arrests at metaphase until fertilization occurs. The tertiary follicle, also referred to as an antral follicle, is a mature ovarian follicle that has a fully formed antrum and contains a primary or secondary oocyte surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells. The follicular fluid, which plays a critical role in fertilization, is also present at this stage. The dominant follicle, which has survived the process of atresia that most tertiary follicles undergo, will be the one to eventually ovulate, expelling the secondary oocyte. This is all part of the 28-day ovarian cycle regulated by hormones such as FSH and LH produced by the anterior pituitary gland.