In Salesforce Lightning Experience, the visibility of a list view is determined by the sharing settings and the permissions assigned to users.
Private List Views
Only the user who creates a private list view can view and access it.
Other users, even within the same profile or role, cannot see or access private list views created by someone else.
Public List Views
Public list views are visible to all users within the same profile or role.
If a user creates a public list view, others with the same profile or role can see and use that list view.
Administrators:
System administrators and users with the "view all data" permission have access to all list views regardless of sharing settings.