Final answer:
A subquery in the FROM clause must be given an alias using the AS keyword. The correct answer is Option 3: Subquery, which allows for the subquery to be treated as a temporary table in the larger query.
Step-by-step explanation:
When using subqueries in the FROM clause of an SQL statement, it is necessary to provide an alias for the subquery's result set. This is done by using the AS keyword to define a temporary name for the result set, effectively treating it as a temporary table that you can then query against in the outer SELECT statement. An example of this would look something like:
SELECT * FROM (SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1) AS subquery_alias;
In this context, the correct option for naming the subquery result is Option 3: Subquery. Neither INNER JOIN, OUTER JOIN, nor CROSS JOIN are relevant to giving an alias to a subquery; these are types of joins used to combine rows from two or more tables.