Final answer:
In the function call Author.findById(x, y), 'x' is the document ID used to search the database and 'y' is the callback function executed after the database operation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The parameters in the function call Author.findById(x, y) are 'x' and 'y'. In this context, Option 1 is correct: 'x' represents the document ID of the author, which is used to search for a specific document in the database, and 'y' is the callback function that will be executed once the database operation is complete, either returning an error or the found document.