Final answer:
The subject at hand is the Chemical Shift Pixel Index, a concept in Physics used to calculate the impact of chemical shift artifacts in an MRI image. This phenomenon is closely related to the principles of the Doppler effect observed in waves due to relative motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the Chemical Shift Pixel Index, which is a concept found in the field of Physics, particularly within the sub-discipline of medical imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The formula given is used to calculate the number of pixels that will show the chemical shift artifact, a phenomenon where different types of atoms (like fat and water) appear at different places in the MRI image due to their different resonance frequencies in a magnetic field.
This artifact is an application of the Doppler effect, which is observed when there is a difference in frequency (and thus energy) of waves in the view frame of a moving observer compared to the emitted frequency. The chemical shift is analogous to the frequency shift observed in the Doppler effect but arises from the difference in the precessional frequencies of different nuclei, like hydrogen in water and fat, in a magnetic field.
The question specifically asks for the formula to calculate how many pixels will display the chemical shift artifact and the correct option among the choices given appears to be the Chemical Shift Pixel Index.