Final answer:
Scientifically known as Citrus paradisi, the tart-tasting fruit in question is the grapefruit, which is rich in vitamin C and citric acid. (option a)
Step-by-step explanation:
The fruit that is scientifically known as Citrus paradisi is A) Grapefruit. This tart-tasting fruit is known for its sour flavor, which comes from the high concentrations of citric acid that it contains. Much like lemons, oranges, and limes, grapefruits are rich in vitamin C and have that distinctive sour taste that can be quite refreshing.
The sourness is what triggers the sour taste detection on our tongues, a sensation that is often more enjoyable to children and is frequently mimicked in sour candies.
Hence, the answer is option a