Final answer:
Antiseptic mouthwashes help control plaque and gingivitis, but can cause tooth surface discoloration. They contain ingredients like phenolics and heavy metals, which denature proteins and disrupt membranes, preventing microbial growth in the mouth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antiseptic mouthwashes are used to control plaque and gingivitis. One commonly used antiseptic mouthwash is chlorohexidine, which has been shown to have a positive effect on oral health. However, it can cause tooth surface discoloration as a side effect, which may affect patients' compliance with its use. Another type of antiseptic mouthwash contains plant-derived phenolics like thymol and eucalyptol, as well as heavy metals like zinc chloride. These ingredients act by denaturing proteins and disrupting membranes, helping to control microbial growth in the mouth. Overall, antiseptic mouthwashes have benefits in maintaining oral hygiene, but it's important to be aware of their potential side effects and choose the right product for individual needs.