Final answer:
The typewriter is the pre-computer machine that featured a QWERTY keyboard, which was perfected by Christopher Sholes in 1867 and dramatically changed office work and communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pre-computer machine on which you'd find a QWERTY keyboard is the typewriter. In 1867, Christopher Sholes, a newspaper publisher from Wisconsin, perfected the typewriter with the inclusion of the standard QWERTY keyboard. This significantly increased word typing productivity and provided a faster and neater means to scribe messages. The typewriter became an essential tool in offices and opened up many clerical job opportunities for women, thereby transforming American workplaces and communication practices.