Final answer:
Bongos are tuned an octave apart, defining the pitch relationship between the two drums, with one drum (macho) having a frequency twice as high as the other (hembra).
Step-by-step explanation:
The bongos are generally tuned an 8-toned diatonic interval apart known as an octave. This interval is the distance between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency. In the context of bongos, this means that one drum (the macho) is tuned to a higher pitch, and the other drum (the hembra) is tuned to a pitch one octave lower.
An example to further illustrate this would be if the hembra is tuned to C3, a note with a certain frequency, the macho would be tuned to C4, which is the same note at a frequency twice as high. This tuning allows the bongo player to produce a wide range of notes and rhythms within the percussive patterns they play.