Final answer:
The plants and animals of a given region are referred to as flora and fauna, respectively. This terminology pertains to the naturally occurring biological community. In terms of plant biology, angiosperms' dominance due to their reproductive structures, flowers, and fruit, is a pivotal concept.
Step-by-step explanation:
The plants and animals of a given region are known by the terms flora and fauna. The correct answer to the question is option a: flora & fauna. Flora refers to all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native—plant life. Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. These terms also carry into specialized fields of biology. For example, endemic species are plants or animals that exist only in one geographic area; emergent vegetation refers to wetland plants that have parts above the water; estuary biomes are where freshwater meets the ocean; and during fall and spring turnover, nutrients and oxygen are recycled in a freshwater ecosystem.
When studying angiosperms, one of the key topics of focus is their dominant role in terrestrial ecosystems, which is due to two major innovations: the flower and the fruit. The flower made up of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, facilitates species-specific pollination and the production of gametes, while the fruit aids in seed dispersal. These structures have made angiosperms highly successful as both wild and cultivated plant species, contributing to their dominance in plant species numbers.