Final answer:
The intrinsic muscles of the back and neck include the erector spinae, which consists of the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis groups, and functions to extend and allow movement of the vertebral column. Other notable muscles such as the scalenes and diaphragm contribute to respiration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The muscles of the back and neck that move the vertebral column are complex and can be categorized into different groups. Among them, the erector spinae is significant as it forms the major muscle mass in the back, primarily functioning as the extensor of the vertebral column. It consists of three subgroups - the iliocostalis group which is laterally placed, the longissimus group which is intermediately placed, and the spinalis group which is medially placed. These muscles manage flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column, and they are important in maintaining the lumbar curve. The thoracic and abdominal wall muscles, such as the scalenes and the diaphragm, assist in respiration.