Final answer:
Mendel's Law of Segregation is a biology concept that explains how two copies of a gene segregate from each other during transmission from parent to offspring.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is Biology, specifically Mendel's Law of Segregation.
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that there are two factors controlling a given characteristic, one of which dominates the other, and these factors separate and go to different gametes during reproduction. This law explains how two copies of a gene segregate from each other during transmission from parent to offspring.
For example, if a parent has two alleles for eye color, one for blue and one for brown, these alleles separate during the formation of gametes, and each gamete will have only one allele for eye color. During fertilization, the alleles combine at random with other alleles, resulting in different combinations of eye color in the offspring.